Ningbo Zhixing Optical takes you to understand what a encoder is and what a photoelectric encoder is

Encoding disk refers to a digital encoder used to measure angular displacement. It has the advantages of strong resolution, high measurement accuracy, and reliable operation, and is a commonly used displacement sensor for measuring the position of shaft rotation angle. The encoder disk is divided into two types: absolute encoder and incremental encoder, the former can directly provide the digital code corresponding to the angular position; The latter uses a computing system to add or subtract the pulse increment generated by the rotating code disk from a certain reference number.

Optoelectronic encoder code disk

A photoelectric encoder is a sensor that converts the mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft into pulses or digital quantities through photoelectric conversion. This is a widely used sensor, and the photoelectric encoder is composed of a encoder disk (grating disk) and a photoelectric detection device. A encoder disk (grating disk) is a circular plate with a certain diameter that is evenly divided into several rectangular holes. Due to the coaxial connection between the photoelectric code disk and the motor, when the motor rotates, the code disk (grating disk) rotates at the same speed as the motor. The detection device composed of electronic components such as light-emitting diodes detects and outputs several pulse signals. The principle is as follows:; By calculating the number of pulses output by the photoelectric encoder per second, the current motor speed can be reflected. In addition, to determine the direction of rotation, the encoder can also provide a phase difference of 90º Two pulse signals of.

The materials of the encoder disk include glass, metal, film, and resin. The glass disk corrodes the light and dark code channels on the chrome plated surface of the glass, which has good thermal stability, high accuracy, fragility, and high cost; The metal coding disc is not easily broken due to its ability to pass and not cut lines. However, due to the metal's resistance to corrosion and deformation, its accuracy is limited, and its thermal stability is one order of magnitude worse than that of glass; Plastic pallets are economical, have low cost, are not easily broken or deformed, but have lower accuracy, thermal stability, and lifespan; The process of resin coding discs is similar to that of glass coding discs, which also corrodes the chrome plating on the surface of the bright and dark resin, presenting bright and dark pulses. Its advantages are high accuracy and not easy to break, but its disadvantages are that it is easy to skip codes in harsh and high temperature environments. The price is relatively high, and the processing difficulty is high. Developed countries have production, but there is currently no manufacturer.

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